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Assault Cycle

Workplace violence (WPV) is an unwanted phenomenon that affects nurses and nursing staff. Nursing simulations allow students to learn and practice skills in a supervised environment. The development of a pilot study, Mental Health Nursing Simulation of Workplace Challenges, is presented. A simulation was created for undergraduate registered nurses in psychiatric nursing using standardized patient behavior (SP) as an angry psychiatric patient. The simulation was designed to increase students' knowledge of WPV, recognize signs of aggression, use evidence-based interventions to reduce aggressive patients, and evaluate the simulation. Research and the Mental Health Nurse Clinical Confidence Scale were used to measure the objectives providing qualitative and quantitative data. Increases in students' confidence and knowledge were achieved after the simulation. Students rated the simulation as useful. The use of SP created an experiential learning environment for the participants. [Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 55(10), 39–44.]

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The author acknowledges Pamela Minarik, PhD, RN, CNS, FAAN, Fang Yu Chou, PhD, RN, and Giovanna de Oliveira, PhD, PMHNP, ANP, RN, for their expertise in manuscript development.

Angell Annohan Solorzano Martinez, MSN, MBA, PHN, RN, DNP Candidate, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, Clinical Instructor of Psychiatric Nursing, San Francisco State University, School of Nursing, San Francisco, CA 94132; email: [email protected]

Mr. Solorzano Martinez is a DNP Candidate and Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, Department of Adult Inpatient Psychiatry, St. Francis Memorial Hospital and California Pacific Medical Center, and Clinical Instructor of Psychiatric Nursing, Samuel Merritt University, San Francisco State University, and University of San Francisco, San Francisco, University of Francisco. , California.

The author has disclosed no financial or other conflicts of interest. Funding for this manuscript was made possible (in part) through Grant numbers 5T06SM060559-05 and 1T06SM061725-01 from the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. The opinions expressed in written training materials or publications and by speakers and moderators do not necessarily reflect the official policies of the US Department of Health and Human Services; does not mention trade names, business practices or organizations and is endorsed by the US government.

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We use cookies on this site to improve your user experience. Please see our privacy policy for full information on all cookies used. Put it on the table - what do you expect from today's lesson? .

Learn about the different types of anxiety Learn how anxiety affects the body and mind (and ways to explain it to children) Understand the possible causes of anxiety Understand what can be done to support an anxious student

3 General information presentation, 15 minute break on anxiety background 30 (work) minutes on approaches to identifying, teaching and addressing anxiety in schools

Excessive worry for 6 months about various aspects of life Difficulty managing anxiety Not caused by illegal substances Effects of work and causes one or more of the following in children: Restlessness, tiring easily, difficulty concentrating or thinking, irritability, muscle tremors, sleep disturbances Anxiety is an uncomfortable feeling or fear of impending disaster. It is a psychological and physical condition that reflects the thoughts and physical reactions that a person experiences when they feel that they cannot successfully control an event or situation. Before explaining the concern, a brief explanation of the DSM. 2-3 minutes (7 minutes total) Source: DSM-5

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Social Anxiety: Persistent fear/worry about social situations in which a person may be scrutinized Fear can lead to panic attacks Fear is overrecognized so that avoidance/participation/fear of social situations gets in the way functioning and normal functioning Similar to social anxiety, panic disorders, and phobias It occurs in other forms of anxiety. Although they originate from anxiety, today our attention will be on general anxiety. Source: DSM-5

People feel fear suddenly. Physical symptoms: sweating, chest pain, tremors, suffocation. Phobia Intense fear of a specific object or situation, such as heights or flying. The level of fear is inappropriate.

7 Causes of Anxiety Anxiety can be caused by anything. What is stressful for one person may be a walk in the park for another. Work in pairs for 2-5 minutes - Ask them to think about how the student looks, feels and/or thinks. (Total 15 minutes) In pairs, think about what situations the child might be sad about... Also, think about what the child might be thinking and feeling?

8 The Purpose of Anxiety The prehistoric stress response was about survival! It helps to prepare for fight or flight. Caution is a survival strategy that goes back to prehistoric times. A warning system within the mind and body designed to protect us. In response to acute stressors or threats, the body's sympathetic nervous system is activated by a sudden release of hormones from the amygdala (reptilian brain). This prepares the body to withdraw, flee, or freeze. Our ancestors faced serious threats to their safety, such as wild animals or hostile neighbors, so these fight, flight, or freeze measures were essential for their survival.

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Our body cannot differentiate between perceived danger and psychological danger. Therefore, we can show concern without physical danger and respond psychologically and physically. Our body cannot differentiate between perceived danger and psychological danger. If a child is anxious for any reason, it is because they are afraid. Many of the challenges we face today (like losing a job, an exam, meeting deadlines, going to the dentist, or looking at the worms on the last slide) are not matters of life and death. However, if these things threaten or frighten us, even if they are not a real threat to our survival, we will experience the same physiological and psychological reactions as our ancestors. (20 minutes total)

10 The Smoke Alarm Analogy A useful way to think about this is to imagine the anxiety response as a smoke alarm, and this is a great way to explain anxiety to children. A smoke alarm is designed to detect a house fire (a real physical hazard), but it can also detect someone burning toast (not a physical hazard). We may not be able to turn off our anxiety alarm, but we can learn to determine the appropriate level of threat and response. For example, many people who watch a horror movie may experience physiological reactions such as tense muscles, sweaty palms, and increased heart rate, but they will not escape from the movie. (20 minutes total)

The appearance of the body, such as changes in skin color, butterflies in your stomach Dizziness Anxiety can have a profound effect on many aspects of our functioning, including our physiology, thoughts and feelings, behavior and performance. Talk about increased heart rate Dry mouth, sore eyes Tense muscles

"I'll never be able to do this" nervousness fear extreme focus angry and impatience circular and helpless thinking time decreases

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Difficulty concentrating Feeling restless or restless Sleeping problems Now let's look at the effects of anxiety. As someone who is around the child, you will focus on what the child knows. Dealing with these behaviors can be very difficult and often frustrating as it can make it difficult to relate to the child, especially when we feel there is no obvious cause for concern. Take a meditation break with the person sitting next to you (35 minutes total) Avoidance Frozen Sudden acceleration or speed Physical aggression

The focal memory anxiety of the activation effort can significantly affect the executive functions of the brain and can take away some of the skills for other mental tasks. In fact we will have the effect of participating in this educational activity. This is because the chemicals released by the amygdala (the reptilian brain) bypass the frontal cortex (the thinking brain) and prevent our executive functions from functioning effectively. Our executive functions are: Activation: organizing, prioritizing, initiating work Focus: adjusting, maintaining attention, shifting attention Effort: regulating vigilance , sustaining effort, regulating processing speed Memory: storing and processing information, retrieving memories Action: monitoring and regulating one's behavior Emotions : manage frustration, modulate emotions Anxiety can also affect motivation, creating vicious cycles of unhelpful thoughts, feelings and behaviours. We may think "I can't" which makes us feel anxious or helpless and causes us to avoid or withdraw from the situation. This makes it more likely that we will continue

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assault deadly weapon

Assault Deadly Weapon - Assault and Battery with a Client Deadly Weapon Trial Review "I would be in prison if it wasn't for Brian and Sira. I would never have fought for a lawyer like them." TW." They know the law, and they are not afraid of a hearing or a trial. They made me a very good offer, but I turned it down and said that I wanted to go to court. They did not argue with me like my ex. Atty. Sierra and Brian just explained the risks and when I told them that I was sure that I would prosecute, they went ahead and fought harder than any lawyer I have ever seen. The end result was "Not guilty!" D.T.Time is important. When choosing the best criminal defense attorney in Tulsa:

First of all, immediately at 918-884-7791. Whenever you are arrested for a serious charge, time is of the essence. Everyone who is arrested has a constitutional right that comes with the time of the arrest to be heard immediately to protect you, your friends or family members. The police and doctors will do everything they can to collect suspicious evidence.

Assault Deadly Weapon

You can be convicted of assault if you attempt or advise by force or violence to inflict bodily harm on another person. 21 O.S. 641

Michael Sanchez Wanted For Aggravated Assault With A Deadly Weapon

You can be convicted of Battery if you intentionally and unlawfully use violence. or violence against others. 21 O.S. 642

A person may not be convicted of assault and battery, unless the state proves beyond a reasonable doubt every element of the crime. These elements are:

The main difference between assault and battery is this: assault can be limited to the threat of harm, while battery is the actual infliction of physical harm from one person to another. Oklahoma states that if there is a battery, there may be an assault.

Anyone who intentionally and without committing a crime, shoots another person with a firearm or discharges any type of firearm with the intent to kill a person, including an unborn child, shall be sentenced to imprisonment in accordance with the law and imprisonment in the state prison for not more than life. 21 O.S. 652(A)

Aggravated Assault Deadly Weapons Self Defense

Any person using a vehicle to facilitate the discharge of firearms, clubs or other weapons with willful disregard for the safety of another person or persons, including an unborn child, shall be charged with a felony punishable by imprisonment. in the custody of the Department of Corrections for at least two (2) years and not more than life. 21. O.S. 652(B)

You need a lawyer who not only knows the law, but also knows how to question alleged victims and witnesses who have a motive to lie. Let Boeheim Freeman Law's expertise in cross-examination and forensics make a difference in your case. Texas defines aggravated assault as intentionally or recklessly causing serious injury to another person. This includes using a deadly weapon while committing the crime of assault, threatening another person with bodily harm, or an act that the victim is likely to commit.

Serious attacks can involve deadly weapons, which are classified by countries as His way. Texas defines a deadly weapon as a firearm or instrument designed to cause serious injury or death. Anything that is used or intended to be used to cause serious injury or death is considered a deadly weapon.

A weapon does not have to be used to commit a crime classified as aggravated assault. Point your hand at another person or harm someone with a weapon other than a gun, such as a knife or an object with block while doing dangerous things.

Assault With A Deadly Weapon: The Autobiography Of A Street Criminal

In Texas, aggravated assault is classified as a first or second degree felony, depending on the circumstances of the crime.

The crime is considered a first-degree atrocity if the perpetrator uses a deadly weapon to commit an assault and in the process causes bodily harm to a family member, spouse or government employee.

Felony assault is considered a misdemeanor or third-degree felony depending on the method of assault. If a weapon is fired, then the offense is considered a felony. Third place.

First-degree assault also applies to assaults where the perpetrator knows the victim is a public servant and intentionally attacks them, the victim witnesses a crime, or the perpetrator fires a car at someone else's home.

Clovis Man Sentenced To 19 Years In Prison For Aggravated Assault With A Deadly Weapon

If a person has a previous conviction, this may increase the sentence or jail time. Aggravated assault can also result in a murder charge if the victim dies as a result. Injuries that occurred during the attack.

Although it is important to know the possible punishments for certain crimes, do not rely on internet advice when it comes to legal advice for your case.

If you are facing aggravated assault charges in Houston, you need an experienced criminal defense attorney to help you prosecute your case. Contact Christopher T. Gore for help understanding your options and information on how he can help you achieve the best results.

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Assault Cube Source Code - On some servers, heavy use of the teleport hack can trigger the autoban WeaponHack option, which adjusts expansion and other weapon settings.

Eish you can refer this thread to other FPS games - - multiplayer game hacks and cheats.

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Since it is a dll, you need to inject it. I recommend using Winject.

De_castle [counter Strike: Source] [mods]

Can you upload the source code for this? I'm having trouble with my Assault Cube hacks.

Put it in the game - Hack multiplayer game and cheat - Winject 1.7b Select process (game), injection.

I was surprised, I added an injection and my FPS dropped from 100-120 to 3, I don't know why. When I was using Arch it was fine in Wine but when I went back to XP it killed itself :P.

Hello, I want to start hacking games with dll. I understand C++ and would like to know if you can help me debug or send me the source so I can understand how to set it up thanks. Add brawlhubby on skype if possible

Counter Strike Alternatives For Linux: Top 10 First Person Shooters And Similar Apps

I doubt anyone does that... just do a simple google search and you'll find a client SDK and just build it yourself. to...

I'm confused... where is the menu in the picture? (Directions make no sense.)

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assault definition michigan

Assault Definition Michigan - AN ATTORNEY FOR FELONY ASSAULT IN MICHIGAN GOES ABOVE AND UP FOR YOU What is Felony Assault in Michigan? Attack with a dangerous weapon

According to the statute, MCL 750.82, and the standard jury statement for that crime, M Crime JI 17.9, the correct term is assault with a dangerous weapon. However, it is most commonly abbreviated as Felonious Assault. We use both terms interchangeably; They are the same felony under MCL 750.82.

Assault Definition Michigan

RELATED: Read about the latest NOT GUILTY felony verdict for Michigan assault attorney Brian J. Prain.

University Of Michigan To Pay $490m To Former Students Who Accused Wrestling Team Doctor Of Sexual Assault

Because Prain Law, PLLC is a criminal defense firm focused on defending Michigan personal injury charges, we often hear the question, “What is Michigan personal injury?

Attacks another person with a handgun, revolver, handgun, knife, iron bar, club, brass knuckles, or other dangerous weapon with no intention of committing murder or causing serious bodily harm less than murder is

As the name suggests, Felonious Assault in Michigan is a felony punishable by up to 4 years imprisonment or a fine of not more than $2,000.00, or both.

B) any action that would cause a reasonable person to become frightened or have an immediate seizure (i.e. pretend to flinch but not actually touch someone).

Sexual Assault On Campus And The Lessons Of A Botched Book Review

. The prosecution must prove beyond a reasonable doubt that you intended to hurt the alleged victim

The prosecutor must also establish beyond a reasonable doubt that you had, appeared to have, or thought you had the ability to commit the battery.

What is the definition of an "other dangerous weapon" in Michigan? Can a person ever commit an assault by car?

Any item used in a manner likely to cause serious personal injury or death

Michigan State Football Players Charged With Assault Of Rival Team Members

Some items such as guns, knives, brass knuckles and other typical weapons would obviously fit the definition of a "dangerous weapon". But even something designed for entirely peaceful purposes can be a "dangerous weapon" if it is used or intended to be used in a way that could result in serious bodily harm or death. A common example is a car or a glass bottle. The jury decides whether it is a “dangerous weapon” or not.

What is the penalty for grievous bodily harm (assault with a dangerous weapon) in Michigan? Can I go to jail for aggravated assault?

If you have been convicted of a felony in Michigan under MCL 750.82 and have never been previously convicted of a felony, you are guilty of a felony punishable by "imprisonment for not more than 4 years or a fine not exceeding $2,000.00." $ or both is penalized. "

) for assault in Michigan can serve up to 4 years in prison if not charged as a common criminal. Whether or not

Gun Laws In Michigan

In your case, actually receiving a prison sentence or jail time for the crime committed depends on the seriousness of your alleged actions, the manner in which your charges are defended and the effectiveness of your attorney.

If you face an assault charge in Detroit, Michigan, your actual possible prison time will be calculated according to the Michigan Sentencing Guidelines. Your policies need to be evaluated at the beginning of your criminal trial, not at the end when it's too late (as many attorneys do).

In Detroit, Michigan, if a person commits a felony assault in a gun-free school zone in violation of MCL 750.82, the penalties increase. The maximum penalty is still 4 years, but the maximum penalty is increased to $6,000.00 and the law specifically states that the court may order "

Personal injury is a serious crime that can affect the rest of your life unless you have a qualified Michigan personal injury and battery attorney.

Michigan House Bills Aim To Counter Rise Of Violence Against Health Care Workers

The penalty of up to 4 years in prison and a fine of up to $2,000.00 for an assault with a dangerous weapon (also known as a "felony") is a huge jump from the 93 days maximum in county jail for a simple conviction because of bodily harm. The only difference is in the use of what Michigan crime statutes define as a dangerous weapon. That little difference is obvious when you know that a pillow or even a teddy bear is enough to meet that definition of a "dangerous weapon" under Michigan crime statutes. If you are charged as a habitual offender, the story gets worse.

Detroit's attack on a dangerous gun law is a very complex law, made up of many small pieces that come together to have a devastating effect. As the famous expression goes, “the whole is greater than the sum of its parts”; Each element that the government must demonstrate is broad and relatively easy to apply to a variety of situations.

For example, under the Michigan assault law, an "assault" is nothing more than an unsuccessful attempt to touch someone in a harmful or offensive manner, or an act that a person makes

. You can easily see how a fairly insignificant series of events, combined with a prosecutor motivated to make your life miserable and a little help from an overzealous prosecutor, can make you wonder how you're doing came to this place in life.

Assault Weapons Ban Of 2022 Now In Senate's Hands

Even if the prosecutor knows the evidence against you is weak, he or she still has a boss in the prosecution and that boss needs to be impressed. As a result, you can be assured that the prosecutor is examining the details of your personal history with a fine-tooth comb, looking for anyone else who may come forward and claim you have attacked or abused them in the past.

Normally this type of evidence against you is not admissible in court as it is generally accepted that the credibility of this evidence is highly questionable and if a judge or jury finds out about it they can easily convict you even though that is the case

Regarding the new charge you are fighting. But even if this alleged incident happened a long time ago and was never reported to the police or resulted in criminal charges, Michigan law contains a special rule that allows your enemy to go straight to court and testify that you assaulted them years ago or have hit . There are ways to keep this evidence out of court, but many criminal defense attorneys are simply unaware or completely neglect to assert these vital challenges.

IMPORTANT NOTE: If the “weapon” you are charged with is a sharp object, you must contact a Michigan personal injury attorney immediately as your charge could be escalated to assault with intent to mutilate , carrying a maximum sentence of 10 years in prison and a fine of up to $5,000 (see below).

University Of Michigan Settles Students' Sexual Abuse Lawsuit

Appearing guilty can be an easy task for a prosecutor, especially when your criminal defense attorney doesn't take the time to learn and understand every detail, and doesn't even consider the important step of visiting the crime scene himself. By hiring the law firm of Brian J. Prain, PLLC, you are

That your criminal defense attorney will learn every fact and detail of your crime, take the time to determine who you are, file every lawsuit, challenge all evidence, and do everything humanly possible to eliminate or thwart and protect your criminal assault Your freedom, your future and your peace of mind.

**IMPORTANT NOTE: Being charged with a felony in Michigan also increases your chances of being sued in civil court.**

Prain Law, PLLC is run by Michigan defense attorneys who do everything in their power to provide you with the world-class legal services you deserve. Our legal team's top priority is to help you recover from an undeniably challenging criminal charge. Let us work on your behalf to ensure that your freedom and future are not in question for the rest of your life. A serious assault or felony is defined in Michigan law as "an unlawful assault by one person on another in which the perpetrator uses a weapon to cause injury or display it in a menacing manner." Aggravated assault is something in which "the victim suffers apparent serious or serious physical injury, including apparent fractures, tooth loss, possible internal injuries, severe lacerations, or loss of consciousness".

Experienced Aggravated Assault Lawyer

Aggravated assault is a very serious crime, and the penalties and consequences for someone accused and convicted of aggravated assault can be life-changing. It is important that if you have been charged and charged with aggravated assault, assault or a felony, you know your legal rights.

If you are charged with assault with a dangerous weapon in Michigan, you have the right to hire a criminal attorney to represent you in court. With any prosecution, the sooner you assert your rights, the better

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Assault Cube Offsets 2021 - AssaultCube is an FPS (First Person Shooter) style multiplayer video game and first person shooter. It is based on the CUBE graphics engine and is available on multiple platforms. So far so good, but there is one feature that makes this title interesting. On the one hand it's natively available on Linux and on the other it's completely free.

It's been growing since its inception in 2013, but doesn't seem to be very active these days. But now comes the AssaultCube 1.3 Lockdown version. It has everything that was great about the previous version, but with some improvements. And all thanks to the fact that during the pandemic, a group of former developers decided to come back and improve on the project.

Assault Cube Offsets 2021

AssaultCube is aimed at online multiplayer games, but it also features a single-player mode with computer-controlled bots, so it can be played offline as well. There are a lot of maps to play (45 are included as standard, but you can download countless fan-made maps with the included map editor), and the graphics are a little simple, but you can play online games while playing. While the connection is slow, there are also various game modes such as Deathmatch, Survivor, Capture the Flag, Keep the Flag, Pistol Madness, and Last Switzerland.

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Full path to article: Linux Addiction » Software » Games for Linux » AssaultCube 1.3: New Version of Free FPS for Linux

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drag in airplanes

Drag In Airplanes - When two masses are in contact, they resist each other's motion. In an airplane position, the air resists the forward motion of the airplane. So when it comes to flying, drag is the resistance to the movement of the aircraft through the air. Drag is the opposite of momentum.

Interference resistance is created by the mixing of airflow streams between airframe components. For example, wing and fuselage or landing gear and fuselage. As the air flows and mixes around the various parts of the aircraft, a local shock wave is created, creating a sum of gravity greater than the gravity of the components themselves.

Drag In Airplanes

Skin drag is a result of the roughness of the plane's surface. Olympic swimmers wear swimming caps on their heads so that their hair does not create additional drag and they can swim faster in the water. The same principle can be applied to most aircraft, where a smooth skin reduces skin drag, improving performance and fuel efficiency.

How Do Planes Fly

Shape drag is the result of an object's overall shape relative to the relative wind. Have you ever stuck your hand out the car window and bent it flat and then vertically into the wind? Sticking out the window is easy when your arm is horizontal like an airfoil. But when you open your hand to the wind, your hand flies back and it takes more effort to hold it. This is the easiest way to understand the shape properties.

As the air (and vortices) roll off the back of your wing, they bend downward, which is called downdraft. Downdrafts point the relative wind down, so the more you have, the more down your relative wind is. This is important for a very good reason: lift is always perpendicular to the relative wind.

See the diagram below. You can see that when you have less downforce, your lift vector is more vertical and opposite to gravity. If you have more downwash, your lift vector will point more backwards, causing induction. On top of that, your wings require energy to descend and create vortices, and this energy creates drag.

As you get closer to the ground, your drag decreases and your vortices decrease, meaning your induced drag also decreases. Click here to learn everything you need to know about the Earth Effect.

Here's Why Airplanes Have Winglets

Drag waves are caused by the formation of shock waves around an aircraft in transonic or supersonic flight. As air flows from the supersonic region ahead of the shock wave to the subsonic region behind the shock wave, it separates and becomes turbulent. As the shock wave increases, greater separation of the air flow occurs, which is known as wave drag.

Swain is an editor, certified flight instructor and first officer on the Boeing 757/767 aircraft of a major US airline. He graduated as an aviation student from the University of North Dakota in 2018, holds a PIC type rating for Cessna Citation Jets (CE-525), is a former pilot for Mokulele Airlines, and flew Embraer 145s early in his airline career. Swain writes weekly articles, quizzes and lists. You can contact Swayne at @swayne and follow his flying adventures on his YouTube channel. This is the second part of this two-part series on the four forces of flight, where we introduce drag and drag. You can find our introduction to lifting and weights here. The Student Pilot's Flight Manual by William Kershner explains drag and thrust:

The movement is provided by a propeller or a jet. However, at this point, the propeller is of interest to you.

The theory of propellers is very complicated, but here Newton's idea of ​​"equal and opposite reaction" can be said.

Aircraft Flight Controls

A propeller takes a large mass of air and accelerates it backwards, resulting in an equal and opposite reaction to the forward motion of the aircraft.

Maybe it's time to clean up a few terms like "power" and "power". The pressure is one

Can be defined as tension, pressure or weight. Nothing needs to be moved; you can apply force to something very heavy and nothing will move. Or you can apply a force to a smaller object and it will move. If an object is moved by a force acting on it,

The most common measure of power is the term "horsepower". An airplane develops horsepower in its cylinders, and by turning a propeller, it gives power. The drag (pounds) applied in straight and level, unaccelerated, cruise flight is equal to the thrust (pounds) of the airplane.

Debugging Airplanes With The Help Of Surface Coatings

When a body moves through a fluid (such as air), resistance occurs. Drag runs parallel to and in the same direction as the relative wind. An aircraft's "total" drag is of two main types.

- (1) "shape drag" (landing gear and radio antennas, shape of wings, fuselage, etc.), (2) skin friction and (3) air flow noise between components (e.g. located in air flow) wing and body or union of body and tail). As the word "parasite" suggests, this type of trait does no one any good and is as pleasant as any other parasite. However, as the square of the airspeed increases, the parasitic drag increases. Doubles air speed and resistance to parasites

- resistance resulting from the lift being produced. The relative wind is deflected down by the wing, which gives a reward component to the induced lift vector

(the lift vector is tilted back). Air moves along each end of the wing against the low pressure at the top of the wing, creating vortices whose strength is proportional to the amount of drag available. The strength of these vortices (and induced drag) increases dramatically at high angles of attack, so

What Is Air Resistance

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distance paper airplane

Distance Paper Airplane - For all airplane lovers... Let's Fly with some of your favorite colorful papers! Start folding your favorite paper into a classy flyer using this easy tutorial

Once you've found your favorite color, jump over and follow these simple "watch and fold" instructions found in Takuo Toda's video.

Distance Paper Airplane

In this video they show you how to fold the longest paper plane called Sky King. The aircraft was designed by Takuo Toda. You only need an A4 (or US letter size) sheet of printer paper, so fold!

How To Make A Paper Airplane That Flies Far, Fast Or Longer

Hope you enjoy putting those fingers to work and let's get bending! Send us pictures of your work!

It's easy to start with simple origami. You will need light, foldable paper and classic origami folding instructions.

There are many who are intrigued by origami. In some cultures, especially Japan, the ability to origami is very important. The little ones learn the art of origami as a daily activity.

Simple origami does not require extreme skill. Provided a person can read and follow basic instructions, they can create simple origami art. However, there are individuals who create origami designs for businesses and other commercial reasons, and these are generally very creative and artistic people. The art of origami requires patience; as you might imagine, discovering complex patterns in different projects can be quite tedious.

Best Paper Plane Series: Fold A Long Distance Paper Airplane That Goes Over 120 Feet!

The less obvious skill required is mathematics. Even though it's paper, it's still built and calculated so that everything can be folded exactly. Still, this is more important to the actual author of a design, not so much to us following instructions from a video. Of course, that makes it more fun and a hobby for us casual paperbinders.

According to an article in the Bangkok Post, the record for the longest indoor flight of an origami airplane is 22.48 seconds - held by Takuo Toda, the creator of this paper airplane creation. Seems like a great way to get a quick video tutorial for paper folding inspiration!

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dash 7 aircraft

Dash 7 Aircraft - The de Havilland Canada DHC-7, also known as the Dash 7 (Dash 7), is a short take-off and landing (STOL) regional turboprop commercial airliner. The first flew in 1975 and remained in production until 1988, when the de Havilland Canada company was acquired by Boeing in 1986 and later sold to Bombardier. In 2006, Bombardier sold the type certificate to Victoria manufacturer Viking Air.

In the 1960s, de Havilland Canada was already known worldwide for its series of high-performance STOL aircraft, notably the popular DHC-2 Beaver and DHC-6 Twin Otter. However, the aircraft was very small and operated on circular routes, unlike the busy regional routes, which were already served by larger and more efficient turboprop aircraft such as the Fokker F27, Fairchild F-27, Convair 580 , Convair 600 and Hawker Siddeley. 748.

Dash 7 Aircraft

De Havilland Canada employees believed they could compete with indirect design. With their excellent STOL performance, their designs can fly to smaller city center airports and small, round and narrow airports with runways that other (unpaved, undeveloped) aircraft cannot easily fly. to use The original specification called for a 40-passenger aircraft with a short range of 200 miles, operating on 610 m (2,100 ft) runways.

Oy Grf Air Greenland De Havilland Canada Dhc 7 102 Dash 7 Photo By Tomas Milosch

With new noise restrictions coming into force in the 1970s, an aircraft designed for the role would also have to be very quiet. The noise of a propeller depends on the length and chord of the blade and the speed at which it rotates. To cover the new regulations, the new design used larger (oversized) propellers that are set to rotate at a slower speed than the conventional design. Most of the typical propeller noise is produced at the tips of the blades, which are rotating at or below the speed of sound. The use of large propeller blades does not require the tip of the blade to reach the speed of sound, and the rotational speed can be reduced without sacrificing thrust. To slow down, the noise is greatly reduced. The Dash 7 sits at 900rpm, and the dpega is only 1210rpm.

In some respects, the new DHC-7 was a large four-engine version of the Twin Otter: the general shape remained the same, with a high wing and the same details in the cockpit and nose profile. Changes included the addition of a clean cockpit (requiring changes to the fuselage section), forward-folding landing gear on the inboard engine nacelles, and a large T-tail designed to hold the elevator clear from the slipstream of the propeller during travel. (The Twin Otter's empennage had a cross arrangement).

The Twin Otter featured "flaperons", which folded the ailerons as part of the flaps, but these were not included in the Dash 7 due to type and weight. Instead, the wings are reduced in size to allow a larger area for the flap, supplemented by two sets of roll spoilers, or spoilerons. The inner roll deflectors operate at all speeds, while the outer ones only operate below 130 KIAS to provide excellent low-speed control. Once on the ground, the inner and outer wing deflectors expand simultaneously to help reduce the lift created by the wing. Each wing also includes two ground deflectors that extend only after touchdown. Most of the trailing edge consists of a complex arrangement of Fowler flaps adapted to produce high lift at low speed. During a typical STOL landing, the flaps are set at 45°, producing lift and drag, allowing higher landings and slower speeds. According to po, the speed V

With the flaps at 45° it is between 70 and 85 knots. When touched, thanks to the "crouch switch" installed in the main gear, the flaps automatically retract to a position of 25 °, thus reducing the height once on the track and producing better braking performance. The flaps also retract up to 25° when engine power is increased during a spin. The four-engine arrangement helps lift low speed because the large propeller blows air over the wings ("drift"). When thrust reverse is selected for landing, the propeller reverses pitch, pushing the air forward and effectively slowing the aircraft, with the wheel brakes preventing stall. More importantly, if one engine fails, the asymmetric thrust is much less than a double engine arrangement, thus increasing safety and allowing a minimum control speed with one engine inoperative.

Dhc 7 Dash 7

The Dash 7 was launched in 1972 and the prototype first flew on March 27, 1975. The test went well, with the first delivery to Rocky Mountain Airways on February 3, 1978. The Avon STOLport in Colorado, which operated the plane. The Avon STOLport was in the valley very close to Vail Ski Resort. Another airport near the ski resort operated by Rocky Mountain Airways with Dash 7 flights from Denver was Steamboat Springs Airport in Colorado. With a short range of 4,452 feet and an altitude of 6,882 feet, the Dash 7 was well suited for airport operations in the Rocky Mountains. Flying as Continental Express through a codeshare agreement with Continental Airlin, Rocky Mountain Airways also operates Dash 7 at Telluride Airport, located in the San Juan Mountains of southwestern Colorado, a mountain airport with a elevation of 9078 feet, making that. of major airports in the United States.

Kapalua Airport, on the island of Maui, Hawaii, was built by Hawaiian Airlines with a 3,000-foot runway designed specifically for Dash 7 operations. Scheduled flights with the new turboprops began March 1 of 1987. In 1993, the private airport of the airport. the government of Hawaii.

One hundred Dash 7 turboprops were shipped in 1984, when the assembly line was stopped in favor of the Dash 8. Another 13 examples were delivered between 1984 and 1988, when the production lines were dismantled when Boeing bought the company The last Dash 7 was purchased by Tyrolean Airways.

The original 100 Series represents most of the aircraft offered, and resulted in two models: the passenger version DHC-7-102 and the 103 combi, with an extended cargo door. This was followed by the 110 Series, which covered the requirements of the British CAA, including the -110 and -111, and finally the 150 Series, which included additional fuel capacity and improvements to the interior of the -150 and -151 . Plans for the 200 Series and the new PT6A-50/7 engines, which improved high-heat power, were made, but were shelved when Boeing ended production on the design.

Dash 7 150 For X Plane 11 Ver

Dash 7's mix of features met with limited commercial success. Many turboprop pilots use the plane as a link to the main airports, where STOL prtaciones are not considered essential. Compared to other mixers, the Dash 7's four engines require twice as much maintenance per engine model, increasing operating costs. Finally, those airports that required high performance STOL operations were often small and better served by Twin Otters; if an airport needed a bigger plane to serve a customer, it would build a longer runway. An exception to this was the performance of London City Airport (LCY), which opened in 1987, and was able to handle a few types of aircraft other than the Dash 7, due to its short track and ramp. The runway at LCY was later widened and the approach angle was slightly reduced, and then accepted commercial aircraft such as Airbus A220, Airbus A318, British Aerospace BAe 146 and Embraer 190. The noise level remains tight compared to other international airports.

The Dash 7 has also received military orders. The first of these were two plans for the Canadian Army, which they needed

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dark arrow aircraft

Dark Arrow Aircraft - The three-brother team of Keegan, River and Reilly Carl came up with the idea to develop a better general purpose kit plane a few years ago, while Reilly helped build the comfortable Mark IV kit plane shortly after graduating from university. All three have degrees in aeronautical, electrical or mechanical engineering and worked as full-time engineers from 2014 to 2017 before quitting their jobs to start a kitplane company called DarkAero.

DarkAero's first model, the DarkAero 1, is nearing the end of its inventory and will begin flight testing in Spring 2020. The set was not only designed for speed and range, but a lot of thought was put into making the set simpler and more efficient, eliminating the many. Regarding the limitations that composites present in aircraft manufacturing.

Dark Arrow Aircraft

Keegan Carl said: "Through the frustration and sandblasting of the long days spent on the Railies Cozy, we wanted an aircraft that was more refined, efficient and optimized using the best materials for the job." "We also wanted to improve the building experience, as composite kits have many advantages as a material to improve aircraft performance, but as a builder, the construction approach felt outdated and inefficient."

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Keegan Carl reveals some of the big things that excite the brothers about the airplane beyond performance. "Its manufacturability and simple construction for the customer are important," he added. "On the part of the contractor, we eliminate the filling and grinding work that typically occurs with composite sets. All assembly and complicated complex work is done by our team. The builder is solely responsible for connecting, bolting or riveting the sections and does not require special assembly/fixing. We've developed an approach we call Hollow Grid, making our own carbon fiber honeycomb panels in-house to create the internal structure of the ribs, shear bands and fuselage bulkheads.

The two-person DarkAero 1 is a three-wheeled, retractable gear aircraft designed for a range of 1,700 mph and a cruise speed of 275 mph with a payload of 750 pounds. The aircraft has a G rating of +6/-3 G and a climb rate of 2,500 ft/min behind the 200 hp UL Power UL520iS engine. “The DarkAero 1 airframe is specifically designed around the UL520iS engine, as it is significantly lighter and smaller than conventional aircraft engines of similar horsepower. The engine's low weight and tight packaging make for a light aircraft with very low drag," said Keegan Carl.

The brothers are regulars at EAA AirVenture and started "flying" early in life when their father took them to Ace Hardware in town to buy balsa wood airplanes. "We grew up in the country in a farmhouse, and when you live in the country, you need a way to entertain and keep you excited, so airplanes and aviation became available to us. Over the years, we've always looked for a new kit airplane that has speed, range and trying to push the limits of efficiency by taking advantage of the latest equipment, materials and technology. However, we had never seen anything that caught our attention. This sparked our desire to start DarkAero and design our own jet plane," said Keegan Carl.

DarkAero is 100% owned and funded by the Carl brothers, a conscious decision to help them maintain control over the company's vision and "take risks, boost creativity and try new things". As engineers, they built most of the large production equipment themselves, including a 24-meter thermoset for curing aircraft components at high temperatures.” “At first we thought about buying an oven, but after we got the offer, we built one ourselves. Cure Oven is a good example of how we were able to self-finance. By doing almost all of the R&D, manufacturing of the production molds and even building the large production equipment ourselves. We were able to keep costs low. explained Keegan Carl.

Vintage Monogram 1/48 Scale Dornier Arrow Do335 Model Kit 7538 Open Box

The estimated cost of the DarkAero 1 kit is $79,900, which includes the airframe, canopy, engine mounts, landing gear and control hardware, as well as fittings and fasteners. Once the UL Power 520iS engine, avionics, propeller, wheels, brakes and paint are added, the total cost is expected to be $140,000 to $160,000, according to DarkAero.

Dan Pimentel is an instrument-rated private pilot and former aircraft owner who has been flying since 1996. As an aviation journalist and photographer, he has covered all aspects of the general and business aviation communities for a long list of major aviation magazines, newspapers and magazines. websites. He's never met an airplane he didn't like, and over the years has written about his love of flying on his Airplanista blog. As of 2019, he hosted the popular “Oshbash” social media gatherings at EAA AirVenture Oshkosh for 10 years.

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davinci aircraft

Davinci Aircraft - Most people familiar with or interested in early attempts at human-powered flight are familiar with the work of Leonardo Da Vinci and his flying machine, the famous 15th century artist and inventor. It begs the question, did Da Vinci's machine actually work, or fly successfully, some four hundred years before anyone else could accomplish the task? This is a question that has been debated for decades. There is no clear hard evidence that specifically says yes, but if you examine the materials of Leonardo and his contemporaries, you can turn up some pretty interesting facts that prove that YES, the machine did work and Leonardo flew. Leonardo's First Flight The great bird sat on the edge of a hilltop ridge near Leonardo's chosen Vinci, its fustians and silks sighing and its broad wings shifting slightly in the wind. Niccolo, Tista, and Leonardo's stepfather, Achattabrigha, knelt under the wings and firmly held the pilot's harness. Andrea Verrochio's apprentices, Zoroastro da Peretola and Lorenzo de Credi, stood twenty-five feet apart and fastened the ends of the wings; it almost looks like their hands are full of big blue and gold rush wands. The two can be taken as caricatures of Il Magnifico and his brother Giuliano, as Zoroastro is dark, rough-skinned and ugly-faced next to the handsome Lorenzo de Credi. Such was the difference between Lorenzo and Giuliano di Medici, who stood with Leonardo a few feet from the Great Bird. Giuliano looked radiant in the morning sun, while Lorenzo looked bright, though he probably only cared about Leonardo. Zoroastro, ever impatient, looked at Leonardo and called out, "We are ready for you, Maestro." Leonardo nodded, but Lorenzo caught him and said, "Leonardo, there's no need. I love you as I love Giuliano, whether you choose to fly…or let wisdom win." Leonardo smiled and said, "I fly fide et amore." With faith and love. "You shall have both," said Lorenzo; and he walked beside Leonardo to the edge of the ridge and waved to the crowd standing far below on the edge of the natural clearing where Leonardo lands triumphantly. But the clearing was surrounded by a forest of pines and firs, which to his eyes looked like many roughly hewn spears and spears. A great shout in honor of the first citizen: the whole village was present, from the peasant to the peasant, summoned for the occasion by Il Magnifico, who had erected a large, multi-colored tent; his attendants and feet had been cooking and preparing for the banquet since dawn. His sister Bianca, Angelo Poliziano, Pico Della Mirandola, Bartolomeo Scala and Leonardo's friend Sandro Botticelli were also present to organize the celebration. They were all jerks, eagerly waiting for the Big Bird to fly. Leonardo waited until Lorenzo received his reward; but then, in order not to fall behind, he bowed and also waved his hand theatrically. The crowd below cheered for his beloved son and Leonardo turned to sit in the harness of his flying machine. He had seen his mother Caterina, a small figure looking up nervously, whispering a devotion, her hands over her eyes to block the sunlight. His father Piero stood by Giuliano de' Medici; both men were dressed as if they were going hunting. Piero did not speak to Leonardo. His already impressed face was drawn and stern, as if he were standing before a judge awaiting judgment. Lying in a prone position under the wing and windshield mechanism on a base of boards shortened forward, Leonardo adjusted the loop around his head that controlled Big Bird's rudder and tested the raised hand crank and leg swings. and lowered his wings. "Careful," shouted Zoroastro, who had backed away from the moving wings. "Are you trying to kill us?" There was nervous laughter; but Leonardo was silent. Achattabrigha tied Leonardo tightly to the rope that held him to his machine and said, "I pray for your success, Leonardo, my son. I love you." Leonardo turned to his stepfather, smelled the sweet scent of Caterina's herbs—garlic and sweet shallots—on his breath and clothes, and looked into the old man's squinting pale blue eyes; and later it dawned on her, with the buried power of her feelings, that she loved the man who had spent his life sweating by the stove-fire and thinking with his great yellow-nailed hands. "I love you too… dad. And I feel safe in your prayers." This seemed to please Achattabrigha, for she checked the rope one last time, kissed Leonardo, and patted him on the shoulder; then he stepped away, as reverently as if he were stepping back from an icon in a cathedral. "Congratulations, Leonardo," said Lorenzo. Others wish you luck. Father nodded and smiled; and Leonardo, taking the weight of the Great Bird on his back, rose to his feet. Niccolo, Zoroastro and Lorenzo de Credi helped him to the edge of the ridge. There was a cheer from below. "Maestro, I hope it's me," Niccolo said. Tista stood beside him, looking longingly at Leonardo's flying mechanism. "Look this time, Nicco," Leonardo said, nodding at Tista. "Think you're flying in the sky, because this machine is yours too. And you're with me." "Thank you, Leonardo." "Now step away... for we must fly," said Leonardo; and he looked down, as if for the first time, as if every tree and upward-turned face were magnified; every smell, every sound and movement is clear and distinct. In a way, the world is broken down into its components, all in the blink of an eye; and in the distance are the waves and the waves of the land like a green sea with long brown shadows; and above the still water are various human-inhabited buildings: churches and camp-houses and cottages and sheds and cottages and wrinkled fields. Leonardo felt a sudden vertigo as his heart pounded in his chest. The wind blew from the northwest and Leonardo felt it flow around him like breath. The treetops rustle, whisper as the warm air rises into the sky. Thermal updrafts flow invisibly into the sky. Attract her. His wings trembled in the gust of wind; and Leonardo knew it had to be now, so he was taken off the cliff unprepared. He launched himself into the water, pushing into the abyss as if he were diving off a cliff into the sea. For a moment, as he dived down, he felt euphoric. He flew, carried by the wind that caught him in a cold grip. Then came the throbbing, nauseating fear. Although he tightened the car's windshield and leg guard, which made his large wings flap, he could not keep himself aloft. His thrusts and kicks had become almost reflexive after hours of practice: one leg pushed back to lower a pair of wings while he furiously moved the car mirror to raise the other, turning his arm first to the left, then to the right. He worked the mechanism with every two hundred pounds of force he counted, his muscles aching from the strain. Although the Big Bird can function as a glider, the gears have too much friction to provide adequate thrust; and the wind resistance is too strong. He could barely lift his wings. He fell down. The cool and stinging wind turned into a constant sigh in the ears. His clothes flapped against his skin like the fabric of his failed wings, while mountains, sky, woods, and rocks swirled around him, then fell; and he felt the wet shock of his recurring dream, his nightmare falling into the void. But he fell through the soft light, by himself like butter. Below him was the familiar ground of his youth, rising up against all logic and rushing toward the sky to claim it. He could see his father's house and in the distance the Apuan Alps and the ancient cobblestone roads built before Rome was an empire. The sensation takes on the texture of a dream; and he prayed, surprising himself, even as he gazed into the purple shadows of the trees below. However, he pedaled diligently and turned the mirror mechanism of the car. All was quiet and still, but the wind whistled in his ears like the sea heard by a clam. His fear left him, carried away by the same breathing wind. Then he felt a gentle spray of warm air around him. And suddenly, impossibly, giddily, he stood up. The wings are locked straight out. They don't match. But he got up anyway. It was as if the hand of God had lifted Leonardo to heaven; and he, Leonardo, remembered that he had lost his falcon in the air, and was looking for them

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do airplanes have headlights

Do Airplanes Have Headlights - Most people have taken a "red-eye" flight before, so flying planes in the dark is nothing new to them. If you've ever wondered what kind of headlights are on airplanes that allow them to see well at 35,000 feet, you might be surprised to learn that they aren't headlights at all!

Instead of actual headlights, airplanes use landing lights to see when taking off or landing. If you want to know how powerful they are, consider this: These lights allow others to see an airplane from 100 miles away. Landing lights are usually mounted on the wings of airplanes and are 10 times brighter than normal car lights.

Do Airplanes Have Headlights

Although not all planes have landing lights, those that do use special lights that are very narrow and point slightly downward to make takeoff and landing easier.

What Type Of Planes Does Spirit Airlines Use?

The bulbs they use are usually 600-watt bulbs and are so bright that ground personnel are instructed not to look directly into them for fear of eye damage. The average car light is 65 watts.

If these lights are not part of the wings, they are usually located under the fuselage or the landing gear. When a plane lands, the lights come on immediately when the plane reaches about 200 feet above the ground.

In fact, the landing lights are so bright that even movie studios use them as spotlights while filming. The Q4559X, manufactured by General Electric, is one such bulb.

The Q4559X bulb is 8 inches in diameter and is a halogen, 28-volt, PAR 64 bulb. Surprisingly, this bulb costs about $50 USD to purchase.

Do Airplanes Have Headlights?

Another type of bulb used in airplanes is the GE Incandescent 4559 bulb. However, this bulb, although less expensive, has a much shorter life than the Q4559X.

Surprisingly, many aircraft are not required to have landing lights, although the use of these lights is often encouraged.

In the United States, for example, lights are only required for commercial aircraft and aircraft flying below 10,000 feet. Because of this there is no need to have landing lights on military aircraft and private planes.

The lights are only required during takeoff and landing, and when the plane approaches the landing strip. This is because at other times, the glare from the headlights can cause pilots to experience reflections that make it difficult for them to see. Landing lights are used for:

File:dal B777 Landing Rwy 9r (13205519803).jpg

When used to increase visibility, lights are usually used in flashing mode to attract the most attention. If you fly a commercial aircraft at night, the use of landing lights is especially important.

Sometimes, these lights are installed near the taxi lights - lights that are used when the aircraft is taxiing or being taken to or from the runway, hangar area or taxi strip.

Typically, the lights are halogen, sealed beam, or high-intensity xenon discharge lights. The aircraft can also use LED bulbs.

In addition, the lights are always used when the aircraft does not have taxi lights. This is especially the case with small aircraft, and from time to time they use landing lights to illuminate their taxi operations.

Ask The Captain: Dividing Duties In The Cockpit

Some even use a dimming resistor in the landing light circuit to give them the right amount of light while taxiing.

Many people think that the landing and taxi lights are the same set of lights, but this is a misconception.

Because the taxi lights are used to taxi on the runway and when the plane is moving, they have a wider beam than the landing lights because they need to cover a wider area.

The latter are narrower lights because they need to illuminate the runway from a greater distance.

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Longer distances require narrower, longer and more focused light beams, while greater brightness requires wider light beams to fully illuminate the runway when it is dark. .

Although this is the main difference between landing and taxi lights, there are also some similarities between the two.

One of the reasons that light-emitting diodes, or LEDs, are so popular is that their brightness and color options are greater than other types of lighting.

Compared to HID or quartz light solutions, LEDs are superior, making them an excellent choice for airplanes.

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It is also long lasting, reliable, has the advantage of light weight and can be used for other types of aircraft lighting. Airplanes don't have headlights in the traditional sense like you find in cars and motorcycles, but they do. Landing lights as well as other lights.

Aircraft lighting includes navigation lights, anti-collision beacon lights, strobe lights and taxi lights. It is used for navigation, when taxing the ground, to improve visibility during flight, and for security purposes.

Judging by their name, it is clear what the purpose of landing lights is. They are designed to increase visibility during landing. This is to see and avoid people, cars and other objects on the runway.

Landing lights also reduce the chance of two planes colliding while landing on the runway and are often used during the day. This is again to make it easier to find the plane and avoid collisions. It is rarely used in cruise flight, as reflections or glare can be dangerous to pilots.

Passenger Plane In The Sky 7195216 Stock Video At Vecteezy

In cars, headlights are always seen in the front. In an airplane, however, the location changes. They may be located on the forward fuselage, on the outboard wing, or on the wing root.

The number of landing lights on a plane can also vary, some have multiple sets in different locations, while others only have one set in one location.

Interestingly, not all airplanes are required to have landing lights. While the FAA encourages the use of landing lights for takeoff and landing, for flights below 10,000 feet and within ten nautical miles of an airport, there is no regulation that obviously need it.

The regulations (CFR 14 and FAR Part 91.205) state only that commercial aircraft flying at night must be equipped and use landing lights. There is no requirement for civil aircraft or military aircraft to use landing lights.

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The landing light is very powerful and bright. In fact, they usually come equipped with 600-watt bulbs that make them 10x as powerful as car lights. They are so bright that the landing lights of large aircraft can be seen by other aircraft from 100 miles away.

Outside of aviation, landing lights (also known as ACLs - "aircraft lamps") are used for concert environments because of their intense light.

The landing lights are so bright that they are not allowed to be used near the airport gate or while taxiing because they can blind other pilots and ground personnel.

Michael is an aviation enthusiast and expert who knows everything there is to know about the ins and outs of all types of private, commercial and military aircraft.

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dc 8 aircraft

Dc 8 Aircraft - The DC-8 is a low-wing quadjet aircraft redesigned with CFM56s. This DC-8, photographed in 2007, belongs to NASA.

The Douglas DC-8 (sometimes called the McDonnell Douglas DC-8) is a long-range narrow-gauge airliner manufactured by the American Douglas Aircraft Company. After losing the May 1954 Air Force Tank Competition to the Boeing KC-135, Douglas announced his proposed jetliner in July 1955. In October 1955, Pan Am placed its first order in competition for the Boeing 707, followed by several aircraft. The first DC-8 entered service at Long Beach Airport on April 9, 1958, and made its maiden flight on May 30. FAA certification was achieved in August 1959, and the DC-8 entered service with Delta Air Lines on September 18.

Dc 8 Aircraft

The six-wing, low-wing aircraft was a jet aircraft with four wings, and the first version was 151 feet (46 m) long. The DC-8-10 was powered by Pratt & Whitney JT3C turbojets and had a MTOW of 273,000 lb (124 t), while the DC-8-20 had more powerful JT4A turbojets at a MTOW of 276,000 lb (125 t). Intercontinental models were fueled up to 315,000 lb (143 t) MTOW, with JT4As for the Series 30 and Rolls-Royce Conway turbofans for the Series 40. The Pratt & Whitney JT3D carried the later DC-8 -50 and cargo models. 325,000 lb (147 t).

Dc 8 Dedication

In April 1965, the revised Series 60 was announced. The DC-8-61 is extended 36 feet (11 m) in compact configuration for 180–220 seats and 325,000 lb (147 t) MTOW. Began flying on 14 March 1966, certified on 2 September 1966, and entered service with United Airlines in February 1967. In April 1967, the long-range DC-8-62 was extended by 7 feet (2.1 m). It can seat 189 passengers at a range of 5,200 nmi (9,600 km) with a large wingspan of up to 350,000 lb (159 t) MTOW. The DC-8-63 had a longer fuselage and larger wing, and MTOW cargo vehicles reached 355,000 lb (161 t).

The DC-8 produced 556 aircraft until 1972. It was replaced by larger wide-body aircraft, including Douglas's DC-10. In 1975, the Series 70 retrofit was introduced with a quieter and more fuel-efficient CFM56 turbofan. Some recycled materials are still in use.

After World War II, Douglas was the leading aircraft manufacturer in the commercial aircraft market. Although Boeing introduced the new all-metal Model 247 airplane in 1933 and produced a staggering number of the four-engined B-17 and advanced B-29, the long-suppressed Douglas, more aircraft manufacturers, post-defined. Combat Aviation Industry.

During the 1930s, 1940s, and 1950s, Douglas built a series of piston engine airplanes (DC-2, DC-3, DC-4, DC-5, DC-6, and DC-7). When de Havilland flew the first jet plane, the Comet, in 1949, Douglas initially refused to build a jet plane.

Mcdonnell Douglas Dc 8 71 73f

In 1952, the first de Havilland Comet entered service. At first it was a success, but after two fatal accidents in 1954 it was brought to a standstill by sudden exhaustion. Aircraft manufacturers benefited greatly from the Comet's principles, which led to the full adoption of the pressure building design of the DC-8.

In 1952, the Douglas remained the most successful commercial airliner. The company received around 300 orders for the piston-engined DC-6 and its successor, the DC-7. The Comet disasters and the recent shortage of jet aircraft seemed to confirm the decision to stick with propeller-driven aircraft.

As early as 1949, Boeing took the bold step of planning a pure-jet aircraft. Boeing's military division was already familiar with large long-range jets with the B-47 Stratojet (first flight 1947) and the B-52 Stratofortress (1952). ). With thousands of fighter jets planned or operational, Boeing established a close relationship with the US Air Force's Strategic Air Command (SAC). Boeing also supplied SAC with refueling aircraft and piston-engine KC-97 Stratofrighters, but these were slow and underpowered to work with the new jets. The B-52, in particular, had to drop from its cruising altitude and nearly stall to engage the KC-97.

Believing that the need for a jet-powered ship was real, Boeing began building a new jet engine for this part that could be turned into an airplane. As for the aircraft, it will have a similar landing area to the Comet, but its swept wing will give it a higher cruising speed and better range. Launched in 1950 as the Model 473-60C, Boeing failed to attract interest from aviation. Boeing was convinced that the project was important and decided to continue with the Boeing 367-80 ("Dash-80") model. After spending $16 million in construction, the Dash-80 took off on May 15, 1954, and flew the following month. Boeing's plans are clear despite the misleading old model number.

Crash Of A Douglas Dc 8 62 Off Los Angeles: 15 Killed

In mid-1952, Douglas began conceptual studies of stealth transport. By mid-1953 these had evolved into the final DC-8; 80-seat, low-wing aircraft with four Pratt & Whitney JT3C turbojets, 30° wingspan, 11 ft (3.35 m) interior cabin diameter to allow for five-aspect seating. Weight was to be 190,000 lb (86 metric tons), and range was estimated at 3,000–4,000 mi (4,800–6,400 km).

Douglas was tight-lipped about the jet plan, but agreed that, like many of the USAF's transportation contracts, the Air Force tanker contract would go to two companies for two separate aircraft. In May 1954, the USAF announced a requirement for 800 jet tanks to Boeing, Douglas, Convair, Fairchild, Lockheed, and Martin. Boeing had just two months to put its prototype in the air. Just four months after submitting requirements for the fleet, the USAF ordered the first 29 KC-135 aircraft from Boeing. In addition to Boeing's ability to instantly refuel jets, the Flying-Boom air-to-air refueling aircraft was also a Boeing product derived from the KC-97.

Donald Douglas was surprised by the speed of the decision, which he said was taken before competing companies had time to finalize their bids. He protested in Washington to no avail. After starting the DC-8 project, Douglas decided it was better to continue than to give up. Negotiations with the airlines resulted in several changes: the fuselage was extended by 15 inches (38 cm) to allow seating for six; This led to larger wings and tail surfaces and a longer fuselage.

The DC-8 was announced in July 1955. Four models were initially offered, all with a 45.87-ft airframe and 141-ft-1-in (43.00 m) but differing in genetics and fuel capacity, and weighing 240,000–260,000. lb (109–118 metric tons). Douglas declined to provide another fuselage size. A maiden flight was planned for December 1957, with an attempt to return to service in 1959. Knowing full well that it was lagging behind Boeing, Douglas launched a massive marketing campaign.

United Airlines Douglas Dc 8 51 Ready To Depart Boston Editorial Stock Photo

It looks like Douglas' initial vision of the airline market will come true; The transition to turbine power seemed more turboprops than turbojets. The first 40-60-seat Vickers Viscount was in service and proved popular with passengers and aviators: it was faster, quieter and more comfortable than the piston-engined models. Another British competitor was the 90-seat Bristol Britannia, and Lockheed, Douglas' main competitor in the large aircraft market, was committed to the short- and medium-range turboprop Electra. Meanwhile, the comet remained stationary. See first-hand the huge economic and technical problems of jet aircraft. However, no one can avoid buying jets if their competitors do.

It lasted until October 1955, when Pan American World Airways placed simultaneous orders for 20 707s and 25 Douglas DC-8s. Buying one version of a powerful jet that had not been tested was brave: buying both was unthinkable at the time. In the final months of 1955, other airlines followed suit. The DC-8 was chosen by United Airlines, National Airlines, KLM, Eastern Airlines, Japan Airlines and Scandinavian Airlines System (SAS). In 1956, Air India, BOAC, Lufthansa, Qantas, and TWA added more than 50 to the 707 order book, while Douglas sold 22 DC-8s to Delta, Swiss, TAI, TransCanada, and UAT. By early 1958, Douglas had sold 133 DC-8s compared to Boeing's 150 707s.

First DC-8-10 in Douglas livery, 1959. The DC-8 first flew on May 30, 1958, and was certified in August 1959.

Donald Douglas proposed building and testing the DC-8 at Santa Monica Airport, the birthplace of the DC-3 and home to the Douglas factory, which employed 44,000 workers during World War II. To get the new jet, Douglas asked the city of Santa Monica, California

Douglas Dc 8 'le Sarigue', Electronic Reconnaissance Aircraft (le Bourget)

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doctor killer airplane

Doctor Killer Airplane - The V Tail Beechcraft Bonanza is the best flying machine ever made, bar none. I admit I may be a little biased, but they are nice airplanes. When I traded my Piper Arrow for a V-Tail, I knew I had an airplane that I could fly and enjoy for a long time to come. The Bonanza flew at 35 knots, had a much higher rate of climb and had a firmer feel.

The Bonanza Model 35 made its first test flight on December 22, 1945, after the end of World War II. Beach delivered 1,000 of the new Bonanzas by the end of 1947, at a then-high price of $7,975 per copy. This price was much higher than the average house price of that time.

Doctor Killer Airplane

The first V-tails had a 165 hp, six-cylinder TCM engine, later upgraded to 185 hp. In comparison, today's Bonanzas have 300 horsepower engines, but they also weigh a lot more. The first aircraft off the assembly line had wooden propellers and fabric control surfaces. Later, the gear was converted to an electrically controlled pitch design and the control surfaces were made with magnesium skins.

Hangar Find: 1951 Beechcraft Bonanza

Since 1947, more than 17,000 Bonanzas have been built. Ten thousand of them were V-tail versions, and the rest were straight tails including 3,000 extended straight tails known as A-36s. Bonanzas enjoyed the longest production runs of any type of aircraft, standing the test of time not only in terms of design, but also in appearance and comfort.

These planes are over engineered. My plane was certified at 4.4g versus 3.8g for Aero and other general aviation aircraft.

The Bonanza is a very agile aircraft with a drag coefficient of 0.0192, or halfway between the P51 and the Lear 35. This was a problem only on the ILS approach. In Bonanza, it's nearly impossible to "go down" and "slow down" at the same time. My early bonanza was maxed out. Gear extension speed (Vle) of 122kts. If ATC tells you to keep your speed to the outer marker, it becomes very difficult to slow down to increase gear and follow GS to DH. The best procedure was to delay Vle before intercepting the localizer, then release the equipment while intercepting the GS or Outer Marker. In later aircraft the gear system was improved and the maximum gear extension speed was increased to 152kts.

My particular V-Tail, N9860R, was a Bonanza M35 model, built in 1960 for an original price of $25,000. From the logbooks, records show that it was purchased by a new doctor. Based on log repair history, this doctor had a plane crash within the first year of ownership. Such incidents earned Bonanza the nickname of the spiny-tailed doctor's killer.

Ex Surgeon Confesses He Took Wife's 'body Out Of The Airplane Over The Ocean'

The N9860R featured an IO-470-C, TCM fuel injection engine rated at 250 horsepower. That iteration of TCM has a very good service history. The aircraft was a bit limited in terms of avionics, although it handled like a dream. There was no autopilot, HSI or flight director, so navigation required keeping your head in the game at all times. I filed IFR as /Alpha with only the NARCO Mark 12-D digital radio/VORs and DME in the panel. Like many generations of pilots before me, I always filed airways and used DME readings and cross-beams to plot my position.

I flew N9860R for many happy years, including many business trips to the Southeast, a few Angel flights, and trips to Key West. And, my daughters were very young at the time, going to North Carolina for a weekend in the mountains. Later there were trips to Michigan, the Bahamas and the desert Southwest.

Eventually I sold the V tail and traded up to the A36 because of its larger cabin space, barn access to the aft cabin, greater fuel capacity and air conditioning. In Florida, airplanes with AC are welcome during the summer months. Or, maybe I'm getting soft.

It occurred to me that we don't really own these great airplanes, some of which are over 50 years old and still flying. We are only current caretakers. Those considering purchasing Bonanza should consider these books:

Plane Lands At South Pole For Daring Medical Rescue Mission

This entry was posted in General Aviation and tagged Beechcraft, Bonanza, DH, Glideslope, localizer, Model 35, external marker, Piper Arrow, TCM, v tail, Vle; Maximum gear extension speed. Bookmark the permalink.

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dragonfly airplane

Dragonfly Airplane - And manufactured by Viking Aircraft LLC of Elkhorn, Wisconsin. The plane is available as a kit or as a hobbyist build plan.

The Dragonfly is a two-seat split-wing aircraft with one wing pointing down and the other behind the fuselage in the shoulder position. . Fixed landing gear and single gen in tractor configuration. The cockpit is 43 in (109 cm) wide

Dragonfly Airplane

The aircraft was built from composites, based on construction techniques pioneered by Burt Rutan at the Rutan Aircraft Factory (RAF). The airframe design is visually similar to the RAF's Quickie 2, which was developed in depth, but the Dragonfly has larger airfoils and a smaller fuselage, resulting in a slower but more stable lift aircraft. Its rear wing uses a 20 ft (6.1 ft) GU25-5 (11) 8 Mod airfoil, while the rear wing (22 ft long) uses an Eppler 1212 airfoil.

A37b Dragonfly, Aircraft

). Standard engines used include a 60 hp (45 kW) Volkswagen air-cooled engine and an 85 hp (63 kW) Jabiru 2200 four-stroke powerplant. The construction time of the supplied kit is estimated as 700 hours, while the plans are about 1200 hours.

The original version had the main landing gear mounted on the lower wing spars in the aircraft. The Cessna A-37 Dragonfly, or Super Tweet, is an American light attack aircraft developed from the T-37 Tweet basic trainer in the 1960s and 1970s by Cessna of Wichita, Kansas. The A-37 was introduced during the Vietnam War and later continued in peacetime service.

Increased US military involvement in Vietnam in the early 1960s led to increased interest in counterinsurgency (COIN) aircraft. In late 1962, the US

The Air Force saw the T-37 as promising, but wanted an advanced version of the aircraft capable of carrying a much larger payload, and with much longer endurance and better short-field performance. This means a heavier aircraft with more powerful engines. In 1963, the Air Force awarded SSNA a contract for two prototype Yat-37D aircraft: the H-37 with modifications that included:

Dragonfly Newsletter 97 By Editor, Patrick Panzera

The change served to increase the weight of the aircraft and the aircraft now has to carry a significant amount of cargo. Therefore, Cessna doubled the engine power by replacing the two Continental J-69 engines with Geral Electric J85-J2/5 turbojet engines with 2, 400 lbf (11 kN) each.

The first Yat-37D flew in October 1964, a year after the second prototype. The second prototype had four storage racks under each wing, not three, and the first prototype was also updated with this configuration.

Test results were good, but USAF interest in counterinsurgency (COIN) aircraft for MOMT has faded. The program has been on hiatus for some time, with the second prototype "put out to pasture" at the National Museum of the United States Air Force at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base in Ohio.

The war in Southeast Asia is increasing. The loss of Douglas A-1 Skyraider close support aircraft in the USAF, US Navy and Republic of Vietnam Air Force Service was greater than expected and USAF interest in Coin aircraft was revived. The YAT-37D seemed like a promising candidate for the job, but the Air Force felt the only way to be sure was to evaluate the aircraft in combat.

Cessna A 37b Dragonfly Guatamala 3d Model $99

As a result, the USAF awarded a contract to Cessna for a pre-production batch of 39 YAT-37Ds, with a few minor modifications to the prototypes to be rebuilt from existing T-37Bs. The aircraft were initially designated the AT-37D, but the designation was soon changed to the A-37A. The second prototype YAT-37D was removed from the Air Force Museum and upgraded to A-37A standards as part of the test program.

The A-37A had a total takeoff weight of 12,000 lb (5,400 kg), which included 2,700 lb (1,200 kg) of ammunition. The A-37A retained the dual control of its T-37B ancestor, allowing it to be used as an operational trainer.

During "Forward Air Control (FAC)" combat operations, the second seat was occupied by the observer. Only one crew usually flew in the aircraft for close support missions, allowing for a small increase in ammunition.

In August 1967, 25 A-37 AS were deployed to Vietnam under the "Combat Dragon" evaluation program, and from Bi Hoa Air Base on USAF "Air Commando" missions, including air support of close, helicopter escort, FAC and night interception flown. Warheads included high-explosive bombs, cluster bomb launchers, unguided rocket packs, napalm tanks and the SUU-11/A minigun. For most missions, the aircraft also carried two additional external fuel tanks on internal stores racks.

Hasegawa 1/72 Us A 37a/b Dragonfly Counterinsurgency Attack Aircraft 0

During this period, the A-37AS flew thousands of sorties. None of the Amy Fires were lost, although two died in landing accidents. The A-37A was officially named the "Dragonfly", but most pilots called it the "Super Tweet". The Combat Dragon program was a success, but not surprisingly, combat evaluation revealed some of the A-37A's shortcomings. The most obvious problem was that the aircraft was lacking in size and durability. Other concerns are the rough control response during an attack run (the flight controls are not powered up) and the vulnerability of the aircraft's non-volatile flight control system.

The USAF signed a contract with Cessna in early 1967 for an improved Super Tweet, called the "A-37B". The initial order was for 57 aircraft, but this quickly increased to 127. The A-37Bs were primarily intended to be supplied to the Republic of Vietnam Air Force (ROVNAF) as replacements for their A-1 fighters. The A-37B prototype was rolled out in September 1967, with deliveries to South Vietnam beginning in 1968.

The A-37Bs are all new aircraft. These were more powerful than the A-37A's, able to pull 6 g instead of 5 g, and were designed to have a longer fatigue life of 4,000 hours. Field experience will show that 7,000 hours between renewals can be tolerated.

The A-37B is almost twice as heavy as the T-37C. A significant portion of the payload, 5,800 lb (2,600 kg), can be stored externally. In practice, the A-37B usually operates with at least two and sometimes four underbody fuel tanks to improve combat longevity.

J6 13/15 Cessna A 37b Dragonfly

To accommodate the extra weight, the A-37B is equipped with Geral Electric J85-GE-17A engines, each providing 2,850 lbf (12.7 kN) of thrust. The jeans are angled slightly outwards and downwards to improve the one-woman fit. Air Commando pilots in Vietnam who operated the A-37A found the single-engine cruise an effective tool for improving their flight duration.

Changes are made to control surfaces to improve handling. To improve aircraft and crew survivability, the A-37B was equipped with additional elevator control tracks located as far apart as possible. The ejection seats were armored, the cockpit was covered with nylon mesh curtains, and the fuel tanks were filled with foam, which were self-sealing.

The A-37 was successful in close air support. It can engage targets at speeds of up to 100 miles per hour faster than lean-wing fighters. The slow speed improved bombing accuracy, allowing pilots to achieve an average accuracy of 45 feet (14 m).

The A-37B added a fuel probe in the nose, which led to pipes wrapped around the lower lip of the canister, for probe-and-drogue aerial fueling. This was an unusual fit for USAF aircraft, traditionally configured for boom fuel. Other improvements include upgraded avionics, a redesigned instrument panel to make the aircraft easier to fly from any seat, an automatic Jane de-icing system and revised landing gear. Like its predecessors, the A-37B is not pressurized.

Us Air Force Cessna A 37 Dragonfly Super Tweet Plane From The Vietnam War On Display At The War Remnants Museum, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam Stock Photo

The A-37 requires relatively little maintenance compared to contemporary fighters - just two hours of maintenance for every hour of flight time. This was partly due to the multiple access panels in strategic locations.

The 20 mm (0.787 in) GPU-2/A and AMD 30 mm (1.18 in) cannonballs were tested with positive results on the A-37B,

A total of 577 A-37Bs were built, with 254 delivered to the RVNAF. In World War II, the A-37 flew over 160,000 combat missions with only 22 USAF losses.

When North Vietnamese forces captured Da Nang Air Base on D-March 1975, they captured a large amount of stores and equipment, including 33 intact A-37s.

File:at 37 Dragonfly.jpg

On April 28, 1975, several captured A-37s were used by the North Vietnamese to attack Tan Son Nhut Air Base, still held by the South Vietnamese.

About 187 A-37Bs were in rescue service during the fall of Saigon in April 1975. 92 were acquired by the US Air Force. United States, but another 95 were later used by the People's Air Force of Vietnam in missions over Cambodia and during the China war in 1979. spare parts. Some aircraft were sent to Vietnam's communist allies such as Czechoslovakia, Poland, the Soviet Union and East Germany.

Others were sold to private foreign owners. Six examples of the A-37B have been owned by American war enthusiasts, while four A-37Bs are now privately owned in Australia and New Zealand.

After the war, the USAF transferred its A-37Bs from the USAF Tactical Airlift Command (TAC) to the units that acquired the TAC.

Cessna T 37 Tweet, A 37 Dragonfly. 1954

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dc 9 aircraft

Dc 9 Aircraft - The Douglas DC-9 appeared as the latest in a wave of new short- and medium-haul aircraft as the jet airliner industry took off in the mid-1960s.

Featuring rear-mounted engines and a T-tail configuration, similar in design to contemporaries such as the Hawker Sidley HS.121 Trident, Sud Aviation SE.210 Caravelle, British Aircraft Corporation One-Eleven, Boeing appeared at the same time. 727 and Tupolev Tu-134.

Dc 9 Aircraft

With such great competition, manufacturers sought to receive large orders from airlines from all over the world.

Mcdonnell Douglas Dc 9 32 Archives

Although the DC-9 was popular with long-haul carriers in the United States, a significant number of European airlines ordered it for their regional routes.

Alitalia's domestic subsidiary, Aeromediterranea, leased Douglas DC-9-32 aircraft from the parent company between 1981 and 1985, when it merged with ATI (see below).

The Italian national airline used the DC-9 extensively, starting with the first -30 examples in 1967 and flying them until 1996. It is known for its large fleet of McDonnell Douglas MD-80s.

A subsidiary of Alitalia, ATI flew 30 DC-9-32 aircraft between 1969 and 1994, when it merged with the national carrier. These aircraft flew a livery similar to Alitalia, although they were blue rather than green. The plane was used on domestic and tourist routes.

Mcdonnell Douglas Dc 9 32

The Austrian national carrier ordered Douglas DC-9-32s and -51s for its regional and European flights, flying them between 1971 and 1985. It also flew the larger MD-80 series, but eventually transitioned to the Airbus A320 family. 1990s.

Spanish charter airline Aviaco had a wild and varied fleet throughout its history before merging with Iberia in 1999. He flew the DC-9-30 (including two -33CF cargo planes) from 1978 until his end, 20. On the one hand.

The only airline in the UK to operate the DC-9 (some flew the McDonnell Douglas MD-80 series). British Midland was British Airways' main competitor on domestic and European routes and introduced its first DC-9-15 in 1978. He flew a total of 18 DC-9-14/-15 and -32 aircraft before his decommissioning in 1996.

Finnair used the DC-9-14, -15, -41 and -51 for a variety of tasks on both scheduled and tourist flights, from domestic to European routes. The first aircraft arrived in 1971, and the last -51 took off in 2003. Like many airlines, it also flew the MD-80 series.

Mcdonnell Douglas Dc 9 ...

The Spanish national airline flew the DC-9 on domestic and European routes alongside its large Boeing 727 fleet from 1967 to 2001. One example is preserved near the terminal building of Madrid Barajas Airport, and the other is at Malaga Airport.

Inex-Adria, the predecessor of Adria Airways, was a Yugoslav (and later Slovenian) airline that operated the DC-9-30 and -50 and MD-80 series aircraft primarily on charter flights in the 1970s and 80s. He also introduced regular services.

The airline changed its name to Adria Airways in the late 1980s, and some DC-9s were retained for a short time before the Airbus A320 replaced them.

A private Italian airline that flew mostly domestic routes, the DC-9 became synonymous with the deadly Etavia plane crash. On June 27, 1980, Etavia Flight 870 crashed into the Tyrrhenian Sea, killing all 81 people on board. It has since become a fodder for conspiracy theorists for no definitive reason.

Old Dc 9 Aircraft From Right Side Cropped In Hangar Editorial Image

The former Yugoslav national carrier and later the national airline of Serbia, Jat Airways introduced the DC-9-32 in 1969 and kept it as a significant part of its fleet until its replacement in 2005.

A longtime Douglas customer, KLM ordered the DC-9 in the early days. He flew the DC-9-10, -30 and -30C between 1966 and 1989, when he switched to the new Boeing 737.

Another Dutch carrier that used the DC-9 was Martinair. He flew four DC-9-30s in a combined cargo-passenger configuration, allowing the use of different aircraft.

After the breakup of Yugoslavia, MAT became the national carrier of Macedonia in 1994. It continued in service until 2009 and during that time operated three variants of the DC-9-30, among many other types.

The First Dc 9

The DC-9-21 was designed specifically for the SAS. It could operate from shorter runways with better performance. SAS operated ten of these, along with approximately 50 larger model DC-9-41s and two DC-9-32 freighters. He was also the primary operator of the MD-80 series.

Spantax, one of the first charter and tour operator airlines in Spain, existed from 1959 to 1988. During this time he flew a number of interesting types of aircraft. Two of these are ex-Southern Airways DC-9-14s purchased in 1974 for use on domestic and short-haul European flights.

Swissire was the first DC-9 company, receiving its first samples in 1966. He flew five small DC-9-15s, 22 DC-9-32s, four DC-9-41s and 12 DC-9-51s. on routes throughout Europe from its hubs in Geneva and Zurich. They left the fleet by 1988, replaced by the Fokker 100 and MD-80 series.

As it was then known, it had a fleet of ten DC-9-30 aircraft from 1968 to 1994, which were replaced by modern types such as the Boeing 737. They were used in domestic, Middle Eastern and European service.

Mcdonnell Douglas Dc 9 Flies Into Retirement

Viva, or Vuelos Internacionales de Vacaciones, was a Spanish tourist airline that existed from 1988 to 1999, known for operating the Boeing 737-300. However, in the early days he flew three DC-9-30s on domestic routes.

The only DC-9s still known for passenger service are operated in Kenya by African Express Airways.

To learn more about the Douglas DC-9 and all other types and variants of airliners since the 1930s, get your copy of Flying Firsts today. Discover the first flights, stories, important facts and statistics about all these types of aircraft. The book is filled with color photographs of all the aircraft involved.

We use cookies to provide you with the best experience on our website. We hope you will be satisfied with your continued use of this site. The OK McDonnell Douglas DC-9-30 or Series 30 was originally designed to combat the Boeing 737 narrow-body aircraft. It has leading edge devices to reduce landing speed at high landing weights and full-scale leading edge slats to allow the aircraft to fly at high angles of attack and steep climb angles.

Stretching Out: The Douglas Dc 9 Story

The Douglas DC-9 is a narrow-body aircraft designed and manufactured by the Douglas Aircraft Company. In 1950, the company considered the possibility of producing a smaller medium-range aircraft to improve upon the DC-8.

On August 1, 1966, the DC-9-30 made its first flight. This was the first extended version of the DC-9 with a longer fuselage and wingtips.

The DC-9-30 aircraft is 36.36 meters long, 8.5 meters high and 3.35 meters in diameter. Its wheelbase is 16.22 meters. The Series 30 has a wingspan of 28.44 meters and has full nose rails for improved take-off and landing performance. The leading edge devices help reduce landing speed at high landing weights, and the full span of the slats reduces speed by about six knots, despite the extra weight of around 2,200kg.

The 30 series slots are lighter compared to the Kruger slotted flaps and the design connected to them is considered a more useful torque box than the Kruger connected. The wing chord from the front spar is increased by 6 percent, allowing for a 15 percent chord connection.

Douglas Dc 9 Family Mega Pack For Fsx And P3d

The aircraft is designed for short and medium routes to cramped airports with short runways and little ground infrastructure. Built-in air stairs make boarding and disembarking easier.

The length of the DC-9-30 cabin is 22.79 meters, width - 3.12 meters, height - 2.05 meters. It can accommodate 127 passengers in a high-density configuration.

The Pratt & Whitney JT8D powers the Series 30. It is a low-bypass turbofan engine that features a twin-scoop design. Engines for -31, -32, -33 and -34: JT8D-7 and JT8D-9 with 14,500 lbf thrust or JT8D-11 with 15,000 lbf thrust. It has a maximum take-off weight of 48,988 kg and a maximum landing weight of 44,906 kg.

The 30 series can fly up to 35,000 feet. With a range of 1,500 nautical miles, it has a maximum payload of 13,674 kg and a fuel tank capacity of 3,679 US gallons. It has a maximum cruising speed of 485 knots and a climb rate of 2,000 feet per minute.

Dc 9 Classic Aircraft Model

The DC-9-31 was the first subtype built in a passenger version. On December 19, 1966, it was certified with a maximum take-off weight of 49,000 kg.

The DC-9-32 was certified on March 1, 1967 with a maximum take-off weight of 50,000 kg. Cargo versions such as the 32LWF (light cargo), 32CF (convertible cargo) and 32AF (all cargo) were produced.

The DC-9-33 was certified on April 15, 1968 with a maximum take-off weight of 52,000 kg. This sub-variant is for passenger/cargo or cargo transportation.

The DC-9-34 is the maximum end variant of the auxiliary device

Mcdonnell Douglas Dc 9

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